As Good as Gold – High Performance Computing Accelerates Oil Extraction

An important and indispensable energy source for the human race, petroleum is often referred to as “black gold” due to its high value. It is the most important fuel for transportation and the core raw material of industrial chemical products. From the beginning of industrialized society to the present, it has been a key part of our lives.

With continuous advancements in exploration technology and breakthroughs in research and development, modern commercial oil exploration & extraction is now quite different to the traditional methods practiced at the end of the 19th century, which is why even high performance computing (HPC) is being used to find new oil sources. For example, survey equipment and sensors are first used in offshore oilfields to collect marine geological data. After analyzing the geological structure of the seabed, a high-quality 3D model can be constructed to conduct further exploration and design a suitable drilling program – and by first locating the most suitable starting point, the total costs of oil extraction can be reduced. 《Glossary: What is HPC?》

The geological exploration process will generate a huge number of complex images and data, which is then processed and analyzed by specialized geoscience research organizations. In 2017, one of these multinational companies found GIGABYTE. 

This company’s main business is to provide a variety of geological scientific and technical computing services for a large number of energy companies that are exploring new sources of oil and natural gas. After a careful evaluation process, they selected GIGABYTE’s industry leading GPU servers to help them quickly analyze data to accurately pinpoint oil and gas extraction sites. 《Recommend for You：Learn More about GIGABYTE’s GPU Server Product Series》

Eric Kao, Server Product Marketing Manager for North America, notes that the product favored by this multinational geoscience research company was GIGABYTE’s G291-280, because only GIGABYTE was able to support the densest configuration of up to eight dual-slot accelerator cards in a 2U chassis – other vendors’ products could support only up to six cards. This high density GPU server provides excellent functionality by not only speeding up processing times to obtain more accurate exploration results, but also by optimizing workload scheduling, and can also be continuously upgraded to respond to ever-evolving computing needs.

When both parties progressed to further discussion, the geoscience research company presented a difficult challenge - the server was not to be installed into a normal server rack, but into a specially made oil tank.

This company planned to use oil tanks for immersion cooling - a very unique method of cooling that is not often used in this industry. During initial contact, GIGABYTE’s team sought to clarify all the customer’s needs and thoroughly understand how this method of immersion cooling using special synthetic oil worked.

After investigation, it was found that the server should be modified before it could maintain normal operation when being entirely immersed into an oil tank. The system needed a lot of adjustment – all components with bearings and rotating parts needed to be stopped, especially the fans. Fans normally play a pivotal role in server heat dissipation – they must effectively cool all heat generating components, such as the CPU, GPU, memory and power supplies. If fans are removed and cooling is achieved instead via immersion into an oil tank, then a material with good heat dissipation qualities must be laminated to the components that require cooling. Heat can then be smoothly removed from the surface of these components.

GIGABYTE leveraged our technical expertise in cooling technology, assigning experts from our hardware, power supply, thermal & software (BIOS / BMC) engineering teams to evaluate, plan alternatives after the fans were stopped, and adjust the system configuration and modify BMC management settings. In addition, they needed to find a heat dissipation material that could work well in the immersion cooling oil; after testing the heat dissipation effect of various components, GIGABYTE found a suitable solution, and worked hard to satisfy all of the customer’s requirements.

Learn More:
《Glossary: What is Immersion Cooling?》
《A Computer in Boiling Water? See GIGABYTE’s Immersion Cooling Solution》
《Watch This Video: Direct to Chip Liquid Cooling Technology That Can Solve the Heat Dissipation Problem of High-Density Servers》
《Glossary: What is BMC?》

Heat dissipation is very important for a server – the thermal energy of high heat generating components must be immediately removed in order to avoid system throttling and crashes or even permanent damage. Using traditional air-cooling to dissipate heat for a single high-specification, high-powered server may consume several hundred watts of electricity – and you can use this figure to estimate how enormous the power consumption of a huge data center filled with servers will be, and how serious an impact this will have on the environment.

The multinational geoscience research company therefore insisted on using specialized oil immersion tanks for cooling of their data center, which can not only reduce energy consumption and costs, but also increase the service life and efficiency of the server. Statistical data provided by the customer showed that oil immersion cooling could reduce total power consumption by 25% to 30% and reduce total operating expenses by up to 45%.

Another one of the possible benefits of using oil immersion cooling technology is that after internal cooling fans are removed the server chassis will have more free space, giving better flexibility and opportunities for other design applications. A server chassis of the same size could be equipped with more components – and only around half the number of servers would need to be deployed to satisfy the current computing power requirements. This can greatly increase the space density of the data center and contribute to reducing environmental impact.

GIGABYTE can understand the needs of different industries, and use our rich knowledge and experience of server products to solve difficulties and provide solutions that meet all customer requirements. Even in the face of completely new challenges or great technical obstacles, our team is highly flexible and responsive, capable of making customized adjustments in real time to provide high quality server products.

Looking at the overall trends in this industry, the current headache facing data centers is about how to meet the huge heat dissipation requirements of high performance computing servers using air cooling. Although fan speed or power can be increased to enhance cooling capacity, the faster the fan rotation the louder the noise, and other problems can also arise.

New generations of CPUs may consume up to 300W of power, or more; and with the development of different application scenarios such as AI or autonomous driving, more high performance GPUs will also be required. Higher performance computing will inevitably consume more power and generate more heat. In the coming years, with new generations of GPU, CPU and FPGAs launching, both the power requirements and energy consumption of server hardware will continue to grow. Therefore, immersion cooling has become a serious consideration for many organizations. For example, Microsoft has introduced immersion cooling to their data centers, illustrating that this method is a viable choice for cooling.

In line with the increasingly important trend of immersion cooling, GIGABYTE has developed the relevant experience and capabilities for server products using this cooling technology, and is looking forward to providing more comprehensive professional support to customers in various industry fields.

Learn More:
《Immersion cooling solution in the semiconductor industry》
《Glossary: What is Artificial Intelligence?》
《What Practical Applications of AI Have Been Popular in Recent Years?》
《Further Reading: HPC Can Be Used to Not Only Help Extract Oil, but Also Give Art a More Gorgeous Visual Presentation》